Post-traumatic headache

Post-traumatic headache (PTH) is a type of headache that develops within 30 days of suffering head trauma (such as a concussion or whiplash injury). It is one of the most common and persistent symptoms following head injuries, and typically occurs within seven days of the injury. The symptoms of post-traumatic headache can mimic those of other headache disorders, such as migraine or tension-type headaches. In fact, it is common for any individuals experience throbbing pain, sensitivity to light and sound, nausea, and visual disturbances, similar to a migraine attack. This would be described as a post-traumatic headache with migrainous features.

The underlying causes of PTH are not fully understood, but researchers believe that it results from a combination of factors, including inflammation, nerve dysfunction, and changes in brain chemistry following the trauma. In a nutshell, headaches are conditions of neuro-inflammation. Injury to the brain can disrupt normal pain processing, leading to heightened sensitivity to pain signals as well as chronic inflammation. Additionally, structural damage to the cervical spine, neck muscles, or nerves can contribute to the development of headaches. Psychological factors such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can also worsen headache symptoms.

Treatment for post-traumatic headache depends on its severity and underlying cause, and also determine by the presenting headache symptoms. For example, if the headache presentation mimics that of a migraine, the treatment would follow the same guidelines as treating migraine attacks. Since neck and back pain are common in PTH, physical therapy is commonly recommended. Most cases of PTH resolves after 6 months, however the duration is different for every individual.  Ultimately, treatment plans are tailored for each individual, and adjust as the headaches change and improve over time. Click here to learn more about PTH and what treatment plans are available.